| Method | Effectiveness | Advantages | How to use | Problems |
| Used Every Time Engaging in Intercourse |
| Latex Condom | 85-98% |
- Condoms are easy to buy. You can buy them in drugstores or markets
- They can help relieve early ejaculation
- Condoms protect against many sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV
- They can be used while breastfeeding
|
- It is important to use a new condom every time you have sex
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- Some people may have an allergy to the latex material in a condom
- There is a loss of feeling
- Condoms may risk the chance of breaking or slipping off during intercourse.
|
Diaphragm
| 84-94% |
- A diaphragm can last several years
- It costs very little to use
- May protect against some sexually transmitted diseases (NOT HIV)
- Can be used while breastfeeding
|
- Use every time you have sex
- Must be used with spermicide
- Must be fitted by a health care provider
|
- Using spermicide nonoxynol-9 may raise the risk of getting HIV
- Should not be used during vaginal bleeding or infection
- Higher risk of bladder infection
- Can be left in for no more than 24 hours
|
| Taken Every Day |
The pill
| 92-99% |
- Birth Control is known to make periods more regular, lighter and less painful
- Birth Control can improve acne
- Birth Control has been proven to lower the risk of ovarian cancer
- The ability to become pregnant returns shortly after you stop taking the pill
|
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- May cause nausea, weight gain, headaches – all of these symptoms can be relieved by switching pills until you find the pill that works best for you
- May cause spotting the first 1-2 months
|
| Taken Every Week |
| The Patch | 92-99% |
- The Patch may make your periods more regular and less painful
- You do not have to remember to take a pill every day
- The ability to become pregnant returns quickly when you stop using the patch
|
- Put on a new patch once a week for three weeks
- Do not use a patch in week # 4
|
- The patch can sometimes irritate the skin underneath the patch
- May cause spotting the first 1-2 months of use
|
| Taken Every Season |
The Shot "Depro-Provera"
| 97-99% |
- The shot works for 12 weeks
- The shot helps prevent cancer of the lining of the uterus
- You do not need to take a pill daily
- The shot can be used while breastfeeding
|
- Must get shot every three months
|
- The shot may cause changes in your period (spotting, no periods or heavier periods)
- weight gain
- depression
- hair changes
- skin rash and change in sex drive are all possible symptoms of the shot
- May cause a delay in getting pregnant after shots are stopped
- Some women may have side effects up to 6 months after stopping the shots
|
|
Taken Every 5-10 Years
|
| 99% |
- You do not have to put anything on before sex
- ParaGard can be left in place for up to 10 years, and Mirena for 5 years
- You do not need to remember to take a pill daily
- IUDs with hormones (Mirena) may help reduce period cramps and bleeding
- Ability to become pregnant returns quickly when IUD is removed
- IUD can be used while breastfeeding
|
- Must be placed in uterus and removed by a health care provider
|
- ParaGard may cause more cramps and heavy periods
- Mirena may cause lighter or fewer periods
- IUDs can cause spotting between periods
- Rarely, the uterus can be injured during placement of the IUD
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